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1E 23.11 (SaaS)

Client Activity Record

Reference information about the Client Activity Record feature, sometimes referred to as either the inventory, or forensics feature, and previously known as Agent Historic Data Capture.

What is Client Activity Record?

The Tachyon client, while running, continuously captures details of certain activities and events as they happen, similar to Windows Task Manager or Perfmon. During startup, the Tachyon client is able to detect some events that occurred when it was not running. Data is regularly written into a local, compressed and encrypted persistent storage tables, that are accessible to SCALE as SQL tables. The Tachyon client periodically aggregates data in order to minimize the amount of storage required, so that each capture source has a live, hourly, daily and monthly table. The whole process is designed to minimize impact on device performance, storage and security.

Persistent storage tables cannot be deleted or modified because they are managed by the Tachyon client and used by the Tachyon Activity Record feature. Whereas User Defined Persistent Storage Tables can be created, deleted and modified using SCALE because they are managed by Tachyon instructions run by users.

The Client Activity Record schema is provided below.

Note

To use any TAR features you must have Inventory enabled by setting Module.Inventory.enabled=true in the client configuration file. This setting, and configuration options for each capture source are described in 1E Client 8.1 - Tachyon client settings: Capture source settings.

With some exceptions, the defaults are the same for each capture source, but aggregation and retention settings can be set individually for each table.

The Tachyon client has two mechanisms of knowing when an event occurs that is of interest:

  • Event-based relies on a source external to the Tachyon client (normally the operating system) providing a notification to indicate that something has happened

  • Polling-based is where the Tachyon client will periodically check a source of data and work out what has changed by looking at differences in the data returned. Polling intervals means some brief events that occur between polls can be missed.

On Windows, the Tachyon client is able to use Event Tracing for Windows (ETW). However, if desired, the individual capture sources can be configured to use polling instead of ETW.

Other data collection methods that run periodically (polling-based) for a short period:

  • Windows performance counters for disk, memory, network and processor performance

  • a proprietary metric collection process that tests the Operating System and its software.

Note

Starting with Tachyon 5.1, the 1E Client UI component (which runs in each user's session) provides data to the Tachyon client about the user's interaction with the device and foreground applications. This data is available by querying the Device interaction and Software interaction tables.

For this data to be captured, you must have Interaction enabled (set Module.Interaction.Enabled=true) as well as user interaction sampling (set Module.Interaction.SampleUserInteraction=true). Both are enabled by default.

For more details on configuring the Interaction module, see 1E Client 8.1 - Tachyon client settings: Interaction module settings.

Capture sources

The table below lists currently supported data capture sources, on which OS they are supported, and which capture method is used by default. See Constraints of Legacy OS regarding Windows XP, Vista and Windows Server 2003.

TAR data source

Description

Required by

Windows

macOS

Linux

ARP cache entries

$ARP_xxx

The Tachyon client captures translations between IP addresses and MAC (physical) addresses, known as ARP (Address Resolution Protocol).

ARP cache polling is every 30 seconds.

  • Introduced in 3.2

  • Polling on all versions of Windows

Not yet available

Not yet available

Boot performance

$BootPerformance_Live

The Tachyon client captures boot performance related metrics from events logged by Windows OS.

Experience

  • Introduced in 8.0

  • Windows Event Log

  • Some features introduced in 8.2

Not yet available

Device interaction

$DeviceInteraction_xxx

The Tachyon client captures user interaction (keyboard and mouse activity) with the device for each (local and remote) user session.

Data is captured by the 1E Client UI, whose behavior is controlled by the Interaction module.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.1

  • Data from the 1E Client UI

Not yet available

Not yet available

Device performance

$DevicePerformance_xxx

The Tachyon client captures metrics for device performance by interrogating Windows Performance Counters. These metrics cover disk, memory, network, and processor performance.

Device performance polling is every 10 seconds.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.0

  • Windows Performance Counters

  • Some features introduced in 8.2

Not yet available

Device resource demand

$DeviceResourceDemand_xxx

The Tachyon client captures high-level device resource allocation and utilization - specifically for CPU, disk, network and memory. This data is used by the VDI monitoring feature of Tachyon Experience to show resource usage patterns, and to help identify under- and over-provisioned virtual servers.

Device resource demand polling is every 10 seconds.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.1

  • Windows Performance Counters

Not yet available

Not yet available

DNS resolutions

$DNS_xxx

The Tachyon client captures whenever a DNS address is resolved.

When using the polling method, the polling interval is every 30 seconds.

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling on Windows 8 and below

  • ETW on Windows 8.1 and above

Withdrawn in 5.2

Not yet available

Operating System performance

$OperatingSystemPerformance_xxx

The Tachyon client captures metrics for performance and sensitive processes by running a metrics executable every four hours by default, that captures 15 performance metrics.

Operating system performance polling is every 4 hours (14,400 seconds).

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.0

  • Proprietary metric collection

Not yet available

Not yet available

Performance event

$PerformanceEvent_xxx

The Tachyon client captures a summary of operating system events which relate to device performance and stability, such as application/operating system crashes, patch installation and uninstallation, etc.

Events are captured as they are generated by the operating system.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.1

  • Windows Event Log

  • Some features introduced in 8.2

Not yet available

Process executions

$Process_xxx

The Tachyon client captures whenever a process starts on the device.

When using the polling method, the polling interval is every 30 seconds.

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling on Windows XP

  • ETW on Windows Vista and above

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

Process stabilizations

$ProcessStabilization_xxx

The Tachyon client captures the time taken for a process to be considered stable. This is captured when a process starts on a device, provided that process is in a list of processes selected for monitoring in the 1E Client configuration file.

  • Introduced in 3.2

  • ETW on Windows Vista and above

Not yet available

Not yet available

Process usage

$ProcessUsage_Daily

The Tachyon client captures details about running processes from start to end.

When using the polling method, the polling interval is every 30 seconds.

Tachyon Powered Inventory

  • Introduced in 3.2

  • Polling on Windows XP

  • ETW on Windows Vista and above

Not yet available

Not yet available

Sensitive processes

$SensitiveProcess_xxx

The Tachyon client captures metrics for performance and sensitive processes by running a metrics executable every four hours by default, that captures details for each sensitive process.

Sensitive processes polling is every 4 hours (14,400 seconds).

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.0

  • Proprietary metric collection

Not yet available

Not yet available

Software installations

$Software_xxx

The Tachyon client captures which software is present on a device, and when it is installed and uninstalled.

Software polling is every 120 seconds.

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling on all versions of Windows

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

Software interaction

$SoftwareInteraction_xxx

The Tachyon client captures user interaction (keyboard and mouse activity) with each application that enters the foreground.

Data is captured by the 1E Client UI, which is controlled by the Interaction module.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.1

  • Data from the 1E Client UI

Not yet available

Not yet available

Software performance

$SoftwarePerformance_xxx

The Tachyon client captures metrics for software performance in terms of disk I/O, memory and processor usage.

Software performance polling is every 10 seconds.

Experience

  • Introduced in 5.0

  • Windows Performance Counters

  • Introduced in v8.2

Not yet available

SoftwarePerformance.DiskUsage

$SoftwarePerformance_xxx

The Tachyon Client captures details about disk i/o operations for all running processes.

We register 'Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Disk' Event tracing provider to gather data

Experience

  • Introduced in 8.0

  • Event tracing

Not yet available

Not yet available

SoftwarePerformance.ProcessNetworkUsage

$SoftwarePerformance_xxx

The Tachyon Client captures details about network activity for all running processes.

We use a real time 'NT Kernel Logger' event tracing session to gather network traffic data

Experience

  • Introduced in 8.0

  • Event tracing

Not yet available

Not yet available

TCP outbound connections

$TCP_xxx

The Tachyon client captures whenever an outbound TCP connection is made.

When using the polling method, the polling interval is every 30 seconds.

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling on Windows XP

  • ETW on Windows Vista and above

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

  • Introduced in 2.1

  • Polling

User usage

$UserUsage_Daily

The Tachyon client captures details about user sessions from login to logout. System accounts, and accounts used to run services, are excluded.

The polling interval is every 30 seconds.

Tachyon Powered Inventory

  • Introduced in 3.2

  • Polling on all versions of Windows

Not yet available

Not yet available

How do I retrieve the data from Tachyon client devices?

Live and aggregated Tachyon Activity Record data is stored in the following persistent storage tables. You can simply query these using SELECT statements.

TAR data source

Live tables

Hourly tables

Daily tables

Monthly tables

ARP cache entries

$ARP_Live

$ARP_Hourly

$ARP_Daily

$ARP_Monthly

Boot performance

$BootPerformance_Live

n/a

n/a

n/a

Device interaction

$DeviceInteraction_Live

$DeviceInteraction_Hourly

$DeviceInteraction_Daily

$DeviceInteraction_Monthly

Device performance

$DevicePerformance_Live

$DevicePerformance_Hourly

$DevicePerformance_Daily

$DevicePerformance_Monthly

Device resource demand

$DeviceResourceDemand_Live

$DeviceResourceDemand_Hourly

$DeviceResourceDemand_Daily

$DeviceResourceDemand_Monthly

DNS resolutions

$DNS_Live

$DNS_Hourly

$DNS_Daily

$DNS_Monthly

Operating System performance

$OperatingSystemPerformance_Live

$OperatingSystemPerformance_Hourly

$OperatingSystemPerformance_Daily

$OperatingSystemPerformance_Monthly

Performance event

$PerformanceEvent_Live

$PerformanceEvent_Hourly

$PerformanceEvent_Daily

$PerformanceEvent_Monthly

Process executions

$Process_Live

$Process_Hourly

$Process_Daily

$Process_Monthly

Process stabilizations

$ProcessStabilization_Live

$ProcessStabilization_Hourly

$ProcessStabilization_Daily

$ProcessStabilization_Monthly

Process usage

n/a

n/a

$ProcessUsage_Daily

n/a

Sensitive processes

$SensitiveProcess_Live

$SensitiveProcess_Hourly

$SensitiveProcess_Daily

$SensitiveProcess_Monthly

Software installations

$Software_Live

$Software_Hourly

$Software_Daily

$Software_Monthly

Software interaction

$SoftwareInteraction_Live

$SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

$SoftwareInteraction_Daily

$SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

Software performance

$SoftwarePerformance_Live

$SoftwarePerformance_Hourly

$SoftwarePerformance_Daily

$SoftwarePerformance_Monthly

TCP outbound connections

$TCP_Live

$TCP_Hourly

$TCP_Daily

$TCP_Monthly

User usage

n/a

n/a

$UserUsage_Daily

n/a

Example - querying historic captured data

/* Sum the number of connections made per process today */
SELECT  SUM(ConnectionCount) AS Connections
,     ProcessName
FROM   $TCP_Daily
WHERE   TS = DATETRUNC(STRFTIME("%s", "now"), "day")
GROUP BY ProcessName;

Note the below example uses LIKE because the inventory tables are not created with COLLATE NOCASE, and need to be queried in a case-sensitive fashion. If ProcessName = "chrome.exe" is used then it will not match "Chrome.exe" or "chrome.EXE".

Example - handling case-sensitivity

SELECT * FROM $Process_Live WHERE ProcessName LIKE "chrome.exe"
How is the data managed?

The Tachyon client automatically aggregates and grooms data in each inventory table, according to aggregation intervals and data retention settings which are configurable in the 1E Client configuration file.

  • Default aggregation cycle interval is every 60 seconds, therefore it may take up to a minute before an event appears in an aggregated table

  • Default retention for live tables is 5000 entries provided at least 3 aggregation cycles have occurred (older entries are deleted to make room for new entries)

  • Default retention for hourly tables is a rolling 24 hours.

  • Default retention for daily tables is a rolling 31 days.

  • Default retention for monthly tables is a rolling 12 months.

Each aggregated table is built from the live table, and does not have a dependency on other aggregated tables. For example, Monthly is fed by Live, not fed by Daily. This allows retention settings to be configured independently for each table.

Data is stored in a local, compressed and encrypted persistent store, which persists during a Tachyon client upgrade, uninstall and re-installation, unless specifically deleted.

If the Tachyon client is unable to write to storage (out of disk space or other file-system problems), it will fail but continue monitoring in the hope this situation will improve later.

Client Activity Record schema

The following table shows the fields which exist only in the Live and Aggregated (Hourly, Daily, Monthly) tables. This table is provided to help you avoid schema issues.

TAR data source

Fields that exist only in Live tables

Fields that exist only in Aggregated tables

ARP cache entries

n/a

n/a

Boot performance

n/a

n/a

Device interaction

InteractionSeconds, LogonSeconds, PresentSeconds

AverageIdleResponsivenessMsCount, AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMsCount, AverageSessionResponsivenessMsCount,

InteractionMinutes, LogonMinutes, PresentMinutes

Device performance

n/a

SampleCount

Device resource demand

n/a

SampleCount

DNS resolutions

n/a

LookupCount

Operating System performance

n/a

ExecutionCount

Performance event

EventData

EventCount

Process executions

CommandLine, ProcessId, ParentProcessId

ExecutionCount

Process stabilizations

ProcessId, StabilizationTimeMs

ExecutionCount, TotalStabilizationTimeMs

Process usage

n/a

All fields only available in $ProcessUsage_Daily.

Sensitive processes

n/a

DetectionCount

Software installations

IsUninstall

InstallCount, UninstallCount

Software interaction

InteractionSeconds, LogonSeconds, PresentSeconds

AverageIdleResponsivenessMsCount, AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMsCount, AverageSessionResponsivenessMsCount,

InteractionMinutes, LogonMinutes, PresentMinutes

Software performance

n/a

SampleCount

TCP outbound connections

ProcessId

ConnectionCount

User usage

n/a

All fields only available in $UserUsage_Daily.

Timestamps

The timestamp column (TS) in each table is stored in Unix Epoch format, defined as the number of seconds that have elapsed since 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), Thursday, 1 January 1970.

To convert to a readable text format use the EPOCHTOJSON function. See also datetime handling.

Example - converting Unix Epoch timestamps 

SELECT Fqdn, EPOCHTOJSON(TS) AS TS_ FROM $DNS_Hourly WHERE Fqdn LIKE "%facebook%";

Timestamps are truncated in the aggregated tables.

  • Hourly - time is truncated to each hour - so an event that occurred at 2017-01-27 18:03:54 would be included in the summary for 2017-01-27 18:00:00

  • Daily - time is truncated to midnight on each day - so an event that occurred at 2017-01-27 18:03:54 would be included in the summary for 2017-01-27 00:00:00

  • Monthly - time is truncated to midnight on the first day of each month - so an event that occurred at 2017-01-27 18:03:54 would be included in the summary for 2017-01-01 00:00:00

ARP cache entries

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $ARP_ tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

CacheCount

integer

The number of times that the combination of IpAddress, MacAddress and Subnet were seen in the ARP cache for this time period.

1234

All

IpAddress

string

The IP address that was resolved using ARP.

192.168.11.12

All

MacAddress

string

The MAC (physical) address to which the IP address was resolved.

58-82-a8-93-4c-da

All

Subnet

string

The CIDR-format IP subnet to which the resolved IP address belongs.

192.168.11.0/8

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

The Tachyon client polls the operating system ARP cache periodically. Since the lifetime of an entry in the ARP cache can be variable, if an entry in the ARP cache is encountered which is already present in the Tachyon client's database, the Tachyon client will increment the CacheCount field on the table for that row, and update the timestamp (TS) field to the current time. To that end, the CacheCount field can be used to determine how frequently a particular entry was observed in the operating system's cache.

Boot performance

Supported on Windows, with support for some features on macOS. The following table shows fields in the $BootPerformance_Live table.

Field

Datatype

Supported on

Description

Sample value

Tables

BootAutoChkTimeSeconds

real

Windows

--

0

BootCriticalServicesInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds to initialize critical services enumerated in Registry at HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Diagnostics\Performance\Boot

46.38600159

BootDevicesInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken in seconds to identify and initialize devices

0.894999981

BootDriverInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken in seconds to initialize drivers that were loaded by winload.exe

3.105999947

BootEndTime

string

Windows, macOS

Timepoint at which the last Boot Event ended

2021-07-01T04:50:53.874Z

BootExplorerInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken by the system to create the desktop window manager (DWM) process, which initializes the desktop and displays it for the first time.

43.48400116

BootKernelInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken by windows kernel to initialize data structures and components.

0.046999998

BootMachineGroupPolicyProcessingTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds taken at boot time to apply Machine Group Policy settings.

1

BootMachineProfileProcessingTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds taken to load and apply machine profile settings at system startup.

0.169

BootMainPathBootTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Starts when you see the Start Windows splash screen and ends when the desktop appears.

74.66500092

BootNumStartupApps

integer

Windows

Total number of application marked as startup apps using 'Run' or 'RunOnce' registry keys or placed in the startup folder

8

BootOsLoaderTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken by Winload.exe to load essential system drivers and initializes the system to the point where the Windows kernel can begin execution.

2.105999947

BootOtherLogonInitActivityTimeSeconds

real

Windows

--

0.352999985

BootPostBootTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Starts when the desktop appears. During this time, services and application may be starting but it is not considered complete until the system has reached a certain idle state.

47.95700073

BootPrefetchInitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time taken by Prefetcher to initialize according to the boot plan.

0

BootSessionInitStartTimeSeconds

real

Windows

--

4.842999935

BootStartupAppsTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds taken by startup applications to initialize.

18.21299934

BootStartupDegradationApps

string

Windows

';' delimited list of application which caused boot performance degradation

Antimalware Service Executable:47.254;Cortex XDR Service:26.835

BootStartupDegradationTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Total degradation time in seconds

74.089

BootTimeSeconds

real

Windows, macOS

Time in seconds to boot the machine. Is the addition of BootMainPathBootTimeSeconds and BootPostBootTimeSeconds

122.6220016

BootUserGroupPolicyProcessingTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds taken at boot time to apply User Group Policy settings.

377

BootUserLogonWaitTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds the OS waited on the logon screen for the user authentication input

24.96800041

BootUserProfileProcessingTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time in seconds taken to load and apply user profile settings at system startup.

17.83099937

BootWinLogonStartTimeSeconds

real

Windows

Time elapsed between the user logon screen appears and the Explorer process starts. The service control manager starts services, and Group Policy scripts run.

12.82499981

RebootCount

integer

Windows

Number of times the machine has been rebooted on the day of last reboot.

1

TS

integer

Windows, macOS

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1625204343

New in v8.2 is minimal support for boot performance on macOS. (The other boot metrics are very specific to Windows.)

The Tachyon Client polls the Windows Event Logs to search for a new Boot Event (Microsoft-Windows-Diagnostics-Performance/Operational [EventID=100]) . If a newer event different from the one currently stored in the Live table is present, it parses the log to extract the various boot performance metrics. We also poll other event logs (Microsoft-Windows-GroupPolicy/Operational [EventID=8000], [EventID=8001], System / [EventID=1074]) and Startup XML files generated by the OS to gather data for all the above mentioned fields. This information is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

Device interaction

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $DeviceInteraction_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

AverageIdleResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that the foreground application took to respond to a probe. A lower value means the foreground application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers only samples where the user was "idle" - i.e. not interacting with the device using the keyboard/mouse.

0.73310155982222314

All

AverageIdleResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageIdleResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that the foreground application took to respond to a probe. A lower value means the foreground application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers only samples where the user was interacting with the device using the keyboard/mouse.

1.3999095275108098

All

AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

AverageSessionResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that the foreground application took to respond to a probe. A lower value means the foreground application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers both idle and interactive samples.

1.0665055436665165

All

AverageSessionResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageSessionResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

BusyCursorSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was presented with an hourglass ("busy") cursor.

816

All

InteractionSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was interacting (keyboard and mouse activity) with the device within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default).

8

  • $DeviceInteraction_Live

InteractionMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was interacting (keyboard and mouse activity) with the device within the hour, day or month.

Note: if a user interacts at all with the device (even a single click/keystroke) in a minute period, that minute is counts towards the total InteractionMinutes value.

316

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

LogonSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was logged on to the device within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default).

12

  • $DeviceInteraction_Live

LogonMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was logged on to the device within the hour, day or month.

1016

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

PresentSeconds

integer

The number of second that the user was deemed to be "present" at the device within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default).

A user's presence is implied if the user is logged on and the device is not locked.

37

  • $DeviceInteraction_Live

PresentMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was deemed to be "present" at the device within the hour, day or month.

A user's presence is implied if the user is logged on and the device is not locked.

712

  • $DeviceInteraction_Hourly

  • $DeviceInteraction_Daily

  • $DeviceInteraction_Monthly

RemoteHost

string

The FQDN (or hostname or IP address, depending on availability) of the device connected remotely to this one, e.g. over a Remote Desktop session.

An empty value implies a local session - i.e. the user was logged at the console.

The Device interaction hourly, daily and monthly tables will aggregate sessions for each distinct combination of UserName and RemoteHost in the given period. So if an individual user connects to this device from three other devices and also from the console in a given hour/day/month, this data will be aggregated into four distinct records.

myotherdevice.acme.local

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

UserName

string

The name of the user interacting with the device.

1E\bill.gates

All

UserWaitSeconds

integer

The number of seconds within this sample that the user was deemed to be waiting for the device to respond.

This is the total number of seconds where either the user was presented with an hourglass ("busy") cursor, and/or where the foreground application was taking longer than the defined threshold (25ms by default) to respond to probes. The threshold can be configured using the Module.Inventory.SlowMessageThresholdMs setting. TODO - link? We're missing this setting?

17

All

New in 5.1, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application and gets data from the 1E Client UI component (controlled by the Interaction module).

The table contains one row per combination of (period + user + remote (or local) device), and summarizes both user presence/activity and overall responsiveness of applications for that user's session:

  • User presence and activity is represented as logon time, present time and interaction time. Note that by definition: logon time >= present time >= interaction time.

  • Application responsiveness is measured in milliseconds, and is the time taken for the foreground application to respond to a probe. Separate values are stored depending on whether the user is interacting with the device or is "idle".

  • The table also includes data for "busy time" and "wait time". Busy time is when the user is presented with an hourglass cursor; wait time is when the user is either presented with an hourglass cursor OR when the foreground application is slow to respond to a probe.

Device performance

Supported on Windows, with support for some features on macOS. The following table shows fields available in the $DevicePerformance_tables.

Field

Datatype

Supported on

Description

Sample value

Tables

DiskOthersAverageQueueLength

real

Windows

Average queue length for non-system disk(s). A high value indicates that these disk(s) are not keeping up with the I/O backlog.

0.041

All

DiskOthersAverageSecondsPerWrite

real

Windows

Average time taken for non-system disk(s) to perform a write. A high value indicates that these disk(s) are taking too long to service write requests.

0.00177

All

DiskOthersFreeSpaceMegabytes

integer

Windows

The free disk space across non-system disk(s). A lower value indicates that these disks are running low on space and space may need to be released.

1513894

All

DiskOthersSplitIoPerSecond

real

Windows

The I/O operations which were broken into multiple requests across non-system disk(s). A high value may indicate excessive disk fragmentation.

0.02669

All

DiskOthersUsageTimePercent

real

Windows

The percentage of time that non-system disk(s) were servicing requests. A high value indicates these disk(s) may be excessively busy.

3.1447

All

DiskSystemAverageQueueLength

real

Windows

Average queue length for the system disk. A high value indicates that this disk is not keeping up with the I/O backlog.

0.06877

All

DiskSystemAverageSecondsPerWrite

real

Windows, macOS

Windows: Average time taken for the system disk to perform a write. A high value indicates that this disk is taking too long to service write requests.

macOS: How many disk operations took place over the sample interval, inverted, on all local disks (not just the system disk). In other words, the inverse of

(No. of write operations during the sample period) / (Sample duration in seconds)

0.001319

7

All

DiskSystemFreeSpaceMegabytes

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: The free disk space on the system disk. A lower value indicates that this disk is running low on space and space may need to be released.

macOS: The free space on the system disk, measured in megabytes. The system disk is that with the home directory of the (root) user that runs the 1E Client.

27261

All

DiskSystemSplitIoPerSecond

real

Windows, macOS

Windows: The I/O operations that were broken into multiple requests on the system disk. A high value may indicate excessive disk fragmentation.

macOS: Not split I/O operations, but the average number of fragmented files over the interval divided by the interval, on all local disks (not just the system disk).

0.9275

All

DiskSystemUsageTimePercent

real

Windows, macOS

Windows: The percentage of time that the system disk was servicing requests. A lower score indicates this disk may be excessively busy.

macOS: The percentage of time that all local disks (not just the system disk) spent reading and writing.

3.8339

All

MemoryHardPageFaultsPerSecond

real

Windows, macOS

Windows: The amount of memory pages that had to be read from disk-based storage. A higher value indicates this device is low on available physical memory

macOS: The number of pages swapped in per second.

0.2385

All

MemoryPageFileUsagePercent

real

Windows, macOS

The percentage of the page file that is in use. A higher value indicates more high page file use, which may mean the device is low on available physical memory.

9.6219

All

MemoryUsageMegabytes

integer

Windows, macOS

The amount of physical memory in use.

27946

All

MemoryUsagePercent

real

Windows

The percentage of physical memory in use. A higher value indicates higher memory consumption, and therefore less available physical memory.

85.43

All

NetworkActiveTcpConnections

integer

Windows, macOS

The average number of active (inbound and output) TCP connections.

90

All

NetworkBroadcastRate

integer

Windows, macOS

The sum of multicast packets that have been sent and received per second

5

All

NetworkBytesReceivedPerSecond

integer

Windows, macOS

The average number of bytes received per second.

2145

All

NetworkBytesSentPerSecond

integer

Windows, macOS

The average number of bytes sent per second.

1579

All

NetworkNetRetransmitRate

integer

Windows, macOS

The rate of TCP segment (both IPv4 and IPv6) retransmissions done per second.

1

All

NetworkOutputQueueLength

integer

Windows, macOS

The length of the output packet queue (in packets).

0

All

NetworkPacketRate

integer

Windows, macOS

the sum of all TCP packets that have been sent and received per second.

71

All

NetworkPacketsOutboundDiscarded

integer

Windows, macOS

The number of outgoing packets dropped by the network adapter.

1

All

NetworkPacketsOutboundErrors

integer

Windows, macOS

The number of outgoing packets dropped by the network adapter due to errors at physical layer

2

All

NetworkPacketsReceivedDiscarded

integer

Windows, macOS

The number of incoming packets dropped due to non availability of receive buffers to store the incoming frames.

1

All

NetworkPacketsReceivedErrors

integer

Windows, macOS

The number of packets dropped by the network adapter due to various errors at physical layer

4

All

NetworkPacketsReceivedNonUnicastPerSecond

integer

Windows

The rate that non-unicast, that is, subnet broadcast or subnet multicast packets, are delivered to a higher-layer protocol.

7

All

NetworkPacketsSentNonUnicastPerSecond

integer

Windows

The rate that packets are requested to be transmitted to non-unicast, that is, subnet broadcast or subnet multicast, addresses by higher-layer protocols.

3

All

NetworkSaturationPercent

integer

Windows

Not implemented. Deprecated in v8.0 in favour of NetworkUtilizationPercent

0 ; NULL (v8.0 onwards)

All

ActiveUserSampleCount

integer

Windows

Number of samples used to form NetworkUsageAverageUserLoggedIn aggregated data

1

All

NetworkUsageAverageUserLoggedIn

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: NetworkUtilizationPercentage value when the user is active on the machine.

macOS: The average network bandwidth used on a device when a user is active on the device. If the user is not logged in then this value is empty. If the user is logged in then it is the same as NetworkUtilizationPercent. A "logged in" user is someone using the Mac desktop; SSH sessions are ignored.

23

All

NetworkUtilizationPercent

integer

Windows, macOS

A percentage value that represents the ratio of total network traffic to the reported maximum bandwidth supported by the interface.

25

All

ProcessorInterruptTimePercent

real

Windows

The amount of time the CPU spent servicing interrupts. A higher value may indicate faulty or misconfigured hardware/drivers.

0.23485

All

ProcessorQueueLength

real

Windows

The CPU queue length (backlog of processing work). A higher value means that the CPU is not keeping up with the workload.

0.33

All

ProcessorTimePercent

real

Windows, macOS

The CPU load. A higher value indicates that the CPU is fully loaded and additional processing power may be required.

15.10

All

ProcessorTimeSeconds

real

Windows, macOS

The average number of CPU seconds (amount of processor work) per second. A value of 1 indicates that a single CPU core was entirely busy for a second.

143.12

All

TCPv4ConnectionsEstablished

integer

Windows

The number of TCPv4 connections established by the endpoint

287

All

TCPv6ConnectionsEstablished

integer

Windows

The number of TCPv6 connections established by the endpoint

12

All

SampleCount

integer

Windows, macOS

Number of samples used to form this aggregated data

4244

  • $DevicePerformance_Hourly

  • $DevicePerformance_Daily

  • $DevicePerformance_Monthly

TS

integer

Windows, macOS

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

UserRating

integer

Windows

Not yet implemented.

0

All

WirelessReceiveRate

integer

Windows, macOS

The maximum possible link layer receive transfer speed that can be expected from the Wireless networking on the endpoint.

130000

All

WirelessSignalQuality

integer

Windows, macOS

A percentage value that represents the signal quality of the wireless network capability on the endpoint.

80

All

WirelessTransmitRate

integer

Windows, macOS

The maximum possible link layer send transfer speed that can be expected from the Wireless networking on the endpoint.

71500

All

WirelessSampleCount

integer

Windows, macOS

Number of samples used to form Wireless aggregated data

1

All

New in 5.0, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

Support for macOS added in v8.2, although not all metrics are collected. (The schemas are the same for Windows and macOS, but the "missing" metrics are null on macOS.)

The Network Metrics collect data for the Primary Network Interface.

Device resource demand

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $DeviceResourceDemand_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

AllocatedMB

integer

How much memory, in megabytes, was allocated to this device on average during this sample.

8192

All

AllocatedMips

integer

How much CPU resource, in Mips (millions of instructions per second), was allocated to this device on average during this sample.

34848

All

CpuMips

integer

How much CPU resource in Mips was being used by this device on average during this sample.

1660

All

DiskKBps

integer

How much disk throughput (in kilobytes per second) was used by this device on average during this sample. Throughput is measured across all fixed disks.

739

All

MemoryMB

integer

How much memory, in megabytes, was used by this device on average during this sample.

5883

All

NetKBps

integer

How much network throughput (in kilobits per second) was used by this device on average during this sample. Throughput is measured across all network adapters.

121

All

Rttms

integer

The roundtrip time, in milliseconds, for user input to be processed by the virtualization infrastructure.

Note that only Citrix virtualization technology is supposed when determining the roundtrip time.

3

All

SampleCount

integer

Number of samples used to form this aggregated data

123

  • $DeviceResourceDemand_Hourly

  • $DeviceResourceDemand_Daily

  • $DeviceResourceDemand_Monthly

Server

string

Where available, the FQDN (or hostname or IP address) of the virtual server that is hosting this virtual machine.

If the device is not virtualized, or if the virtual server information is not available, this field will be empty.

Note that only Hyper-V and Citrix virtualization technologies are supported when determining the name of the virtual server.

myvirtualserver.acme.local

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

New in 5.1, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

This data is particularly useful when it has been collected virtual machines - it allows you to compare allocated resources with actual resource demand. This can give insight into whether virtual resources are under- or over-provisioned.

DNS resolutions

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $DNS_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

Fqdn

string

The FQDN which is being resolved.

client-office365-tas.msedge.net

All

LookupCount

integer

Sum of resolutions per FQDN within the hour, day, month.

1234

  • $DNS_Hourly

  • $DNS_Daily

  • $DNS_Monthly

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

When using polling, the local DNS cache is queried for all unique FQDNs. This includes an initial scan of cache entries created before the Tachyon client starts, which are stored with the same timestamp. New entries that appear in the cache are deemed to correspond to new resolutions and stored with the timestamp of when the polling occurred.

When using ETW, the Tachyon client attempts to capture DNS queries at the point that they are made. The query is captured, not the result of that query. That is, the Tachyon client will capture a request to resolve an FQDN which may ultimately not be resolvable. The DNS cache is not scanned.

Operating System performance

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $OperatingSystemPerformance_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

CpuSeconds

real

The time taken in seconds (on average) to run the test for the corresponding metric.

9.1E-05

All

ExecutionCount

integer

The number of times that the test for this metric was run within the hour, day, month.

1

  • $OperatingSystemPerformance_Hourly

  • $OperatingSystemPerformance_Daily

  • $OperatingSystemPerformance_Monthly

Metric

string

A row for each of the following 15 metrics:

Metric

Description

BootTime

Most recent time taken in seconds for the device to boot to the logon prompt. A long boot up duration may influence user satisfaction..

CreateFile

Time taken to create an empty, temporary file. A high value indicates that the operating system may be underperforming for basic file operations.

CreateProcess

The time taken to create a new process. A high value indicates that the operating system is taking a long time to create new processes.

CreateThread

The time taken to create a new thread within a process. A high value indicates that the operating system is taking a long time to create new threads.

CreateWindow

The time taken to generate an empty window. A high value indicates poor Windows desktop performance, which may cause applications to appear unresponsive.

DiskRand

The time taken to perform a random access disk operation on the system drive. A high value indicates poor random disk access performance.

DiskSeq

The time taken to perform a sequential access disk operation on the system drive. A high value indicates poor sequential disk access performance.

LoadDLL

The time taken to load and unload a DLL in a process. A high value indicates library loading is slow, which may affect the startup time of applications.

Memory

The time taken to allocate, zero and free a block of memory. A high value indicates that the operating system is slow to serve memory requests, which may affect application performance.

MessageDispatch

The time taken to dispatch and confirm processing of a windows message. A high value indicates poor message processing throughput, which may affect application responsiveness.

OpenHandle

The time taken to acquire a basic operating system resource. A high value indicates that applications may underperform because the operating system is slow to service resource requests.

RegReadHKLM

The time taken to read from the HKLM Windows Registry hive. A high value indicates poor registry read performance, which in turn may affect application performance.

RegWriteHKCU

The time taken to write to the HKCU Windows Registry hive. A high value indicates poor registry write performance, which in turn may affect application performance.

RegWriteHKLM

The time taken to write to the HKLM Windows Registry hive. A high value indicates poor registry write performance, which in turn may affect application performance.

UDPSend

The time taken to perform a basic loopback UDP send. A high value may indicate problems with the operating system network stack

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

New in 5.0, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

The Operating System Performance tables store the average time taken to run various tests against the operating system. These tests measure Operating System performance by timing common OS-level tasks such as creating processes and threads, reading and writing to the registry, etc.

Performance event

Supported on Windows, with support for some features on macOS. The following table shows fields available in the $PerformanceEvent_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

EventData

string

JSON-formatted data, specific to the EventType, containing additional information about this event.

(json data)

  • $PerformanceEvent_Live

EventCount

integer

A count of the number of events of this EventType and ReferenceItem combination for the hour, day, or month.

123

  • $PerformanceEvent_Hourly

  • $PerformanceEvent_Daily

  • $PerformanceEvent_Monthly

EventType

string

The type of event, in dotted-namespace notation. Events captured are:

EventType

Supported on

Description

ReferenceItem

Device.PerformanceAnomaly

Windows

Reserved for future use

N/A

OperatingSystem.Boot

Windows

Occurs when the operating system starts up

N/A

OperatingSystem.Crash

Windows, macOS

Windows: Occurs when the operating system crashes (BSOD).

macOS: Unexpected shutdown of the OS.

N/A

OperatingSystem.PerformanceAnomaly

Windows

Reserved for future use

N/A

OperatingSystem.ServiceFailure

Windows

Occurs when a service fails to start

Service description

OperatingSystem.Upgrade

Windows

Occurs when the version number of the operating system changes

N/A

Patch.Install

Windows

Occurs when a patch is installed

N/A

Patch.Uninstall

Windows

Occurs when a patch is removed

N/A

Software.Crash

Windows, macOS

Occurs when a process crashes

Executable path of faulted process

Software.Hang

Windows

Occurs when an application becomes unresponsive

Executable path of faulted process

Software.Install

Windows

Occurs when an application is installed

Product name

Software.PerformanceAnomaly

Windows

Reserved for future use

N/A

Software.Uninstall

Windows

Occurs when an application is removed

Product name

Software.Install

All

ReferenceItem

string

A simplified representation, where applicable, of the object to which the event pertains. See the EventType field description for more details.

Microsoft Edge WebView2 Runtime

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

New in 5.0, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

From v8.2 some of these events are also reported for macOS.

The data in this table is used to derive a count-over-time of events which may be of relevance when diagnosing performance or end-user experience issues.

Process executions

All features supported on all platforms. The following table shows fields available in the $Process_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

CommandLine

string

The full command-line of the process, including (on Windows) the executable name.

Sometimes the executable name part of the command-line is quoted, sometimes it's not - it's arbitrary based however the parent process launched the child; so you may see a mix of command-lines like...

  • "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\root\Office16\OUTLOOK.EXE"

  • \??\C:\Windows\system32\conhost.exe 0x4

  • C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe -k UnistackSvcGroup

"C:\Windows\system32\VmConnect.exe" "1EUKDEVWKS1231" "TCH-CLI-WXPX86" -G "B2C72520-BBC6-4736-BBBC-5CCF50FE6666" -C "0"

  • $Process_Live

ExecutableHash

string

The MD5 hash of the process executable.

dae0bb0a7b2041115cfd9b27d73e0391

All

ExecutableName

string

The filename (including extension) of the process executable.

vmconnect.exe

All

ExecutablePath

string

The path and filename of the process executable.

On Windows, this is the NT-device format version of the path (as a process does not necessarily need to have been launched from a device which has a drive-letter mapping).

\device\harddiskvolume8\windows\system32\vmconnect.exe

All

ExecutionCount

integer

Sum of executions per executable within the hour, day, month.

1234

  • $Process_Hourly

  • $Process_Daily

  • $Process_Monthly

ParentExecutableName

string

The filename (including extension) of the executable of the process which spawned this one.

mmc.exe

All

ParentProcessId

integer

The process ID of the process which spawned this one.

2088

  • $Process_Live

ProcessId

integer

Operating-system dependent process ID.

178

  • $Process_Live

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

UserName

string

The name of the user in whose session the process was launched (or blank if it is a system-launched process)

1E\bill.gates

All

On Windows, the 1E Client service runs as LOCAL SYSTEM, therefore details of almost every process will be available to the Tachyon client features; however some processes may not be accessible because of permissions.

The Tachyon client captures process starts; it does not track how long the process has been running, or how much CPU-time (or user/kernel/active time) the process has used.

Each time the Tachyon client starts it does an initial scan of processes before it starts capturing, and will use that time to record when these processes started.

The UserName field is derived from the session in which the process was executed, and doesn't necessarily reflect the user in whose context the process was executed.

Process stabilizations

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $ProcessStabilization_ tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

ExecutableName

string

The filename (including extension) of the process executable.

vmconnect.exe

All

ExecutionCount

integer

Sum of executions per executable and username within the hour, day, month. For example, vmconnect.exe run by 1e\user1 and vmconnect.exe run by 1e\user2 will have separate rows and thus will be summed separately.

53

  • $ProcessStabilization_Hourly

  • $ProcessStabilization_Daily

  • $ProcessStabilization_Monthly

ProcessId

integer

Operating-system dependent process ID.

178

  • $ProcessStabilization_Live

StabilizationTimeMs

integer

The time taken for the process to be considered stable, measured in milliseconds. This will be a multiple of 100.

4500

  • $ProcessStabilization_Live

TotalStabilizationTimeMs

integer

Sum of the time taken to be considered stable per executable and username within the hour, day, month. For example, vmconnect.exe run by 1e\user1 and vmconnect.exe run by 1e\user2 will have separate rows and thus will be summed separately.

864300

  • $ProcessStabilization_Hourly

  • $ProcessStabilization_Daily

  • $ProcessStabilization_Monthly

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

1500756083

All

UserName

string

The name of the user in whose session the process was launched (or blank if it is a system-launched process)

1e\bill.gates

All

On Windows, the 1E Client service runs as LOCAL SYSTEM, therefore details of almost every process will be available; however some processes may not be accessible because of permissions. The Tachyon client captures only information that can be accessed by LOCAL SYSTEM - as such it does not check the UI responsiveness of a process.

By default, process stabilization monitoring is not active. To enable, the process names must be specified in the 1E Client configuration file as follows:

  • Add Module.Inventory.ProcessStabilization.MonitoredProcesses=<string> to the 1E Client configuration file.

  • This is a list of comma separated values, and the case is not significant. For example, winword.exe and WINWORD.EXE are treated the same.

  • The list of monitored processes does not currently have a limit, however adding a large list of processes to monitor can cause performance degradation and the process stabilization time will become less accurate.

Resource usage for a process is tracked, and the process will be considered stable once its resource utilisation has stopped fluctuating. The margin in which a process is considered stable can be modified in the 1E Client configuration file. Changing from default is not recommended.

  • This margin is controlled by the fuzziness configuration setting.

  • Add Module.Inventory.ProcessStabilization.Fuzziness=<integer> to the 1E Client configuration file. It cannot be lower than 1, and cannot exceed 66. The default is 5.

A process that exits before it is considered stable is not be recorded. Currently, such processes are discarded. A warning is logged when this occurs.

The accuracy of process monitoring decreases if more processes need to be monitored concurrently. For example, accuracy will decrease if many processes are started at the same time. Warnings are logged when this occurs.

The accuracy of the process monitoring decreases if the system is under considerable load, for example high disk or CPU stress.

Aggregation is grouped by the UserName and ExecutableName fields. Unlike process executions, process stabilization values for UserName and ExecutableName are lower case.

Process usage

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $ProcessUsage_Daily table.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

CommandLine

string

This is a single instance of the command used to launch that instance, most probably the first one. It will not contain any differences if other instances are launched with a slightly different comand line. It is an indication of a typical command line for this instance.

C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core\git-credential-manager.exe

Duration

integer

The number of minutes covered by the individual execution(s) of at least one instance of this executable.

Duration can never be more than 1440 minutes, being the number of minutes in a day.

1

ExecutableHash

string

The MD5 hash of the binary that contains the entry point (usually an exe)

ad3ec70ae9e82582bdf6aa6fd5811376

ExecutableName

string

The name of the binary that contains the entry point obtained from stamped version information where possible, the filename if not.

git-credential-manager.exe

ExecutableSize

integer

The size of the binary that is hashed below

131168

ExecutableVersion

string

The version information stamped into the executable where available.

1.5.0.0

ExecutionCount

integer

The number of instances observed during the Duration period

2

IsOSProcess

integer

A value of 1 indicates that this is categorised as an operating system by the rules in place.

A value of 0 indicates that it is not.

0

LastSeen

integer

The UTC Timestamp of when the last instance of the executable (of all the accumulated subjects of this record) was last seen (polling) or actually exited (events).

Whilst any instance is running, for the current day records, LastSeen will creep across the day and duration will increase as time passes if the process remains running.

Once midnight is crossed then the daily records for yesterday are 'closed off' by setting LastSeen = TS + 86400 (the number of seconds in a day), which is midnight of the next day.

If all instances of one binary are exited and never run again that day, then the LastSeen field for that daily record should 'stick' at one value and never ever change again.

In other words the maximum difference between TS and LastSeen in a single row is at most 86400, being the number of seconds in a day.

Tracking of an execution summary from one day to another ("carry-over") can be achieved by looking for a record based on TStomorrow = LastSeentoday with all the other key information the same. If that exact key record with the 'carry over' conditions is not found then the process did not theoretically continue across midnight.

Note that a process that dies after 23:59:00 and starts before 00:01:00 the next day will appear to be a continuous process in the summary tables. Even though it could theoretically have stopped for nearly two minutes. This is because the resolution of the table is to the start of the minute the event occurred in.

1526982245

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

Midnight UTC that is the start day of the 24 hours covered by this record.

1526947200

The Tachyon client captures executable usage; this is from the moment the executable is turned into a process, hence the process usage. The Process Usage data presented is grouped by executable binary, and parallel runs are accumulated in the ExecutionCount, but not in the Duration, where coverage time period is desired instead.

Sensitive processes

A "sensitive process" is one flagged by the Tachyon Performance Metrics program as one which consumes extra CPU when files and processes are created, registry entries are read, etc., suggesting such processes are monitoring such low level O/S operations. Antivirus and other security software legitimately does this (as does for example Windows Explorer and the 1E Client itself), but other processes that do it may be a security hazard.

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $SensitiveProcess_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

CpuSeconds

real

Average CPU used by the process executable during the sample intervals.

0.456

All

DetectionCount

integer

Sum of the number of samples within the hour, day, month in which the process executable was detected.

1

  • $SensitiveProcess_Hourly

  • $SensitiveProcess_Daily

  • $SensitiveProcess_Monthly

ExecutablePath

string

The path and filename of the process executable.

On Windows, this is the NT-device format version of the path (as a process does not necessarily need to have been launched from a device which has a drive-letter mapping).

c:\windows\system32\conhost.exe

All

Product

string

The title of the software product.

Microsoft® Windows® Operating System

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

1500756083

All

Version

string

Version of the process executable.

10.0.17763.404

All

New in 5.0 this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

Note

For Windows XP, permissions restrictions mean that not all sensitive processes are detected.

Software installations

All platforms. The following table shows fields available in the $Software_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

Architecture

string

The platform architecture of the software product.

x64

All

InstallCount

integer

Sum of installs per software product version within the hour, day, month.

0 if uninstalled, or present but not detected as installed.

1234

  • $Software_Hourly

  • $Software_Daily

  • $Software_Monthly

IsUninstall

integer

0 = install, 1 = uninstall.

0

  • $Software_Live

Product

string

The title of the software product that was installed/uninstalled.

Google Chrome

All

Publisher

string

The publisher of the software product that was installed/uninstalled.

Google Inc.

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

The Tachyon client assumes a "new" installation/uninstallation occurred at the point of polling.

1500756083

All

UninstallCount

integer

Sum of uninstalls per software product version within the hour, day, month.

0 if installed, or present but not detected as installed.

1233

  • $Software_Hourly

  • $Software_Daily

  • $Software_Monthly

Version

string

The version of the software that was installed/uninstalled.

55.0.2883.87

All

Each time the Tachyon client starts, it does an initial scan of installed software before it starts capturing. Since the Tachyon client has no way of knowing when this install/uninstall happened, it will mark the event as having occurred "now".

On Windows, software installations are read from the registry key HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall and HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall

Per-user installations are not yet supported.

Linux does not distinguish between O/S packages (even the kernel) and application packages; they are all software.

Software interaction

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $SoftwareInteraction_ tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

AverageIdleResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that this application took to respond to a probe when it was in the foreground. A lower value means the application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers only samples where the user was "idle" - i.e. not interacting with the device using the keyboard/mouse.

0.73310155982222314

All

AverageIdleResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageIdleResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that this application took to respond to a probe when it was in the foreground. A lower value means the application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers only samples where the user was interacting with the device using the keyboard/mouse.

1.3999095275108098

All

AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageInteractiveResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

AverageSessionResponsivenessMs

real

The number of milliseconds, on average, that this application took to respond to a probe when it was in the foreground. A lower value means the foreground application is likely to feel more responsive.

This field considers both idle and interactive samples.

1.0665055436665165

All

AverageSessionResponsivenessMsCount

integer

How many aggregated samples were used to derive the value for AverageSessionResponsivenessMs field.

500

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

BusyCursorSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was presented with an hourglass ("busy") cursor while this application was in the foreground.

816

All

InteractionSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was interacting (keyboard and mouse activity) with this application within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default).

8

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Live

InteractionMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was interacting (keyboard and mouse activity) with this application within the hour, day or month.

Note: if a user interacts at all with the device (even a single click/keystroke) in a minute period, that minute is counts towards the total InteractionMinutes value.

316

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

LogonSeconds

integer

The number of seconds that the user was logged on to the device within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default) with this application in the foreground.

12

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Live

LogonMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was logged on to the device within the hour, day or month with this application in the foreground.

1016

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

PresentSeconds

integer

The number of second that the user was deemed to be "present" at the device within the aggregated live sample (which corresponds to one minute by default) with this application in the foreground.

A user's presence is implied if the user is logged on and the device is not locked.

37

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Live

PresentMinutes

integer

The number of minutes that the user was deemed to be "present" at the device within the hour, day or month with this application in the foreground.

A user's presence is implied if the user is logged on and the device is not locked.

781

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Hourly

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Daily

  • $SoftwareInteraction_Monthly

ProcessName

string

The name of the foreground process (without the .exe extension) to which this record pertains.

chrome

All

RemoteHost

integer

The FQDN (or hostname or IP address, depending on availability) of the device connected remotely to this one, e.g. over a Remote Desktop session.

An empty value implies a local session - i.e. the user was logged at the console.

The Software interaction hourly, daily and monthly tables will aggregate sessions for each distinct combination of UserName, ProcessName and RemoteHost in the given period. So if an individual user connects to this device from three other devices and also from the console in a given hour/day/month, and has this process in the foreground, this data will be aggregated into four distinct records.

myotherdevice.acme.local

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

UserName

string

The name of the user interacting with this application.

1E\bill.gates

All

UserWaitSeconds

integer

The number of seconds within this sample that the user was deemed to be waiting for the device to respond while this application was in the foreground.

This is the total number of seconds where either the user was presented with an hourglass ("busy") cursor, and/or where the foreground application was taking longer than the defined threshold (25ms by default) to respond to probes. The threshold can be configured using the Module.Inventory.SlowMessageThresholdMs setting.

17

All

New in 5.1, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application and gets data from the 1E Client UI component (controlled by the Interaction module).

The table contains one row per combination of (period + user + process name + remote (or local) device), and summarizes both user presence/activity and overall responsiveness for each application which enters the foreground for that user's session:

  • User presence and activity is represented as logon time, present time and interaction time. Note that by definition: logon time >= present time >= interaction time.

  • Application responsiveness is measured in milliseconds, and is the time taken for the foreground application to respond to a probe. Separate values are stored depending on whether the user is interacting with the application or is "idle".

  • The table also includes data for "busy time" and "wait time". Busy time is when the user is presented with an hourglass cursor; wait time is when the user is either presented with an hourglass cursor OR when the application is slow to respond to a probe.

Software performance

Supported on Windows, with support for some features on macOS. The following table shows fields available in the $SoftwarePerformance_tables.

Field

Datatype

Supported on

Description

Sample value

Tables

ExecutablePath

string

Windows, macOS

The path and filename of the process executable.

c:\windows\explorer.exe

All

Architecture

string

Windows, macOS

Windows: The CPU the binary was built for.

macOS: The OsArchitecture of the device.

x64

All

HandleCount

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: How many open handles the process has.

macOS: The average number of file descriptors in use by the process.

1234

All

InstanceCount

integer

Windows, macOS

How many instances of the process are active at the same time

2

All

IoReadKilobytesPerSecond

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: kB read by the process per second.

macOS: The average number of disk kilobytes read per second for the process. This excludes bytes read from pipes and sockets, for example.

2

All

IoWriteKilobytesPerSecond

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: kB written by the process per second.

The average number of disk kilobytes written per second for the process. This excludes bytes written to pipes and sockets, for example.

0

All

MemoryUsagePhysicalKilobytes

integer

Windows, macOS

kB used by the process in physical memory

35780

All

MemoryUsageVirtualKilobytes

integer

Windows, macOS

Windows: kB used by the process in virtual memory.

macOS: The amount of resident memory in use by the application.

9496

All

ProcessorTimePercent

real

Windows, macOS

Windows: Percentage of time the processor is running the process.

macOS: The average CPU load generated by the process.

1.11080672689126

All

ProcessorTimeSecondsPerSecond

real

Windows, macOS

Number of processor seconds consumed by this process per second, where a "processor second" is a single processor core which is fully busy for an entire second.

0.0666526784132013

All

DiskReadIops

integer

Windows

Disk read operations done by a process per second

6

All

DiskWriteIops

integer

Windows

Disk write operations done by a process per second

2

All

NetworkBytesExchangedPerSecond

integer

Windows

Total network bytes (Sent + Received) exchanged by a process per second

1485956

All

NetworkBytesReceivedPerSecond

integer

Windows

Network bytes received by a process per second

1597601

All

NetworkBytesSentPerSecond

integer

Windows

Network bytes sent by a process per second

1897601

All

NetworkTotalDataReceivedMegabytes

integer

Windows

MB received by the process

94

All

NetworkTotalDataSentMegabytes

integer

Windows

MB sent by the process

214

All

Product

string

Windows, macOS

The title of the software product.

Google Chrome

All

SampleCount

integer

Windows, macOS

How many samples the aggregated data is based on.

1233

  • $SoftwarePerformance_Hourly

  • $SoftwarePerformance_Daily

  • $SoftwarePerformance_Monthly

NetworkSampleCount

integer

Windows

How many samples the per process Network aggregated data is based on.

3

All

DiskSampleCount

integer

Windows

How many samples the per process Disk i/o aggregated data is based on.

3

All

TS

integer

Windows, macOS

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps.

1500756083

All

Version

string

Windows, macOS

The version of the software product.

55.0.2883.87

All

New in 5.0, this capture source is used by the Tachyon Experience application.

New in 8.0, the capture sources SoftwarePerformace.DiskUsage (collecting DiskReadIops, DiskWriteIops) and SoftwarePerformance.ProcessNetworkUsage (collecting NetworkBytesExchangedPerSecond, NetworkBytesReceivedPerSecond, NetworkBytesSentPerSecond, NetworkTotalDataReceivedMegabytes, NetworkTotalDataSentMegabytes) do not have Aggregation tables of their own. The software performance data collected by them is included in the $SoftwarePerformance tables. These capture sources can be disabled in isolation to one other but if the parent SoftwarePerformance capture source is disabled then they are also disabled.

Support for macOS added in v8.2, although not all metrics are collected. (The schemas are the same for Windows and macOS, but the "missing" metrics are null on macOS.)

TCP outbound connections

Windows, macOS, and Linux. The following table shows fields available in the $TCP_tables.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

ConnectionCount

integer

Sum of connections to an IP Address and Port by a process within the hour, day, month.

123

  • $TCP_Hourly

  • $TCP_Daily

  • $TCP_Monthly

IpAddress

string

The target remote IP address of the connection, either an IPv4 or IPv6 address.

Windows support for IPV6 is limited; the Tachyon client will capture the connections, but the format used to represent the target IPV6 may differ slightly depending on the mechanism used, and may be subject to change in future versions of the Windows Tachyon client.

132.245.77.18

[2001:4860:4860::8888]

All

Port

integer

The target remote port of the connection.

443

All

ProcessId

integer

The operating-system specific identifier of the process which instigated the connection.

Not supported for Mac OSX earlier than Mac OSX Lion (10.7).

11828

  • $TCP_Live

ProcessName

string

The executable filename of the process which instigated the connection

Connections originated from system-oriented processes are captured as "(system)"

chrome.exe

All

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

1500756083

All

The Tachyon client captures TCP connections, not UDP connections - as UDP is inherently connectionless (each packet sent is effectively a new connection).

Each time the Tachyon client starts it does an initial scan of connections before it starts capturing. A limitation of the Windows API is means that all established TCP connections, whether inbound or outbound, are captured; there is no way to distinguish between the two. This means that it is possible for the Tachyon client to double-capture a connection if that connection was established before the Tachyon client stops monitoring, and still exists when the Tachyon client starts monitoring again, for example between Tachyon client restarts. Unlike other capture sources, there is no persistent storage setting to prevent double-counting.

The Tachyon client captures initial "connect" requests, not just successful connection establishment. This means that an attempt to perform a connection will be captured, even if that connection does not complete, for example, because of a timeout, or the server-side does not permit the connection.

User usage

Windows only. The following table shows fields available in the $UserUsage_Daily table.

Field

Datatype

Description

Sample value

Tables

Duration

integer

The number of minutes covered by the individual user session(s) of at least one instance of this login.

Duration can never be more than 1440 minutes, being the number of minutes in a day.

12

  • $UserUsage_Daily

Email

string

The email address that is cached in the system for this user. This may not necessarily be the email address to use to contact the user via corporate email.

abrown@acme.org

  • $UserUsage_Daily

FirstName

string

The forename that the system has cached for the user.

Alice

  • $UserUsage_Daily

LastName

string

The surname that the system has cached for the user

Brown

  • $UserUsage_Daily

LastSeen

integer

The UTC Timestamp of when the last instance of the user session (of all the accumulated subjects of this record) was last seen (polling) or actually exited (events), rounded down to the start of the minute in which the event occurred.

Whilst any session is in progress, for the current day records, LastSeen will creep across the day and the duration will increase as time passes if the user remains logged in. That is Duration and LastSeen will increase each time you query the table (with at least a minute between queries).

Once midnight is crossed then the daily records for yesterday are 'closed off' by setting LastSeen = TS + 86400 (the number of seconds in a day), which is midnight of the next day.

If all users sessions for one user are exited and never occur again that day, then the LastSeen field for that daily record should 'stick' at one value and never ever change again.

In other words the maximum difference between TS and LastSeen in a single row is at most 86400, being the number of seconds in a day.

Tracking of a user session summary from one day to another ("carry-over") can be achieved by looking for a record based on TStomorrow = LastSeentoday with all the other key information the same. If that exact key record with the 'carry over' conditions is not found then the user session did not theoretically continue across midnight.

Note that a session that exits after 23:59:00 and starts again before 00:01:00 the next day will appear to be a continuous user session in the summary tables. Even though it could theoretically have not existed for nearly two minutes. This is because the resolution of the table is to the start of the minute the event occurred in.

See Timestamps.

1526990846

  • $UserUsage_Daily

SID

string

The Windows NT SID of the user.

S-1-5-21-xxx-yyy-zzz

  • $UserUsage_Daily

TS

integer

When the record was added to the table. See Timestamps .

1526947200

  • $UserUsage_Daily

Username

string

The user account name, with a domain prefix if applicable.

For Windows devices not a in a domain, the 'domain' is the local machine name. For non-Windows devices such as Linux there is no domain part.

aliceb

acme\AliceBrown

  • $UserUsage_Daily

The Tachyon client captures user sessions (usage); this is from the moment the user instigates a login/logout, hence User Usage. The usage data presented is grouped by SID and Username, and parallel login durations are really the coverage of the time period, not the total time for all the individual sessions.

User and administrator accounts are included, either local or remote. System accounts, and accounts used to run services, are excluded.

Constraints of Legacy OS

In this documentation, the following are referred to as legacy OS. 1E does not provide support for the Tachyon client on these OS. This is because Microsoft has withdrawn support for these OS or they are not significantly used by business organizations.

  • Windows XP

  • Windows Vista

  • Windows 7

  • Windows 8.0

  • Windows Server 2003

  • Windows Server 2008

  • Windows Server 2008 R2

  • Windows Server 2012

  • Windows Server 2012 R2

Please contact 1E if you require support for these legacy OS.

If you experience an issue on these OS, then please try replicating the issue on a supported OS.

In this section: