1E platform client requirements
Information that will help you design and plan the implementation of 1E in your organization. This includes all the prerequisites and dependencies, which are necessary to install 1E Client with 1E platform features enabled.
For a full understanding of 1E features and their configuration, please refer to Introducing 1E documentation.
Tip
1E platform client features are not required if the 1E Client is being installed only to support PXE Everywhere, Shopping, or WakeUp.
1E platform client features are required if you are using any of the following:
Experience Analytics
Endpoint Troubleshooting
Endpoint Automation
Patch Insights
Content Distribution - if using Content Distribution features of the 1E platform. Also requires Content Distribution client to be enabled
AppClarity - if using 1E as an inventory data source
Application Migration - if using 1E as an inventory data source.
Public Key Infrastructure
1E features require a PKI and certificates on client devices and servers. Please see below for client requirements, and Certificate requirements for server requirements.
You need to have a PKI in your environment with at least one Issuing CA.
1E requires each Issuing CA has:
A Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Distribution Point (CDP) that uses HTTP/S
This HTTP/S CDP information is included in certificates issued to Tachyon Server and client devices.
PKI notes
If you have an existing PKI and have just added a new CDP to support HTTP/S then you will need to re-issue certificates to your servers and devices.
1E deliberately does not work with self-signed certificates for security reasons. Therefore, 1E client or Server cannot be installed on the same server as a Root CA, because its certificate is self-signed.
1E uses TLSv1.2. If your PKI is using SHA512, then please ensure that your environment has relevant updates applied, as described in KB2973337. See Client issues.
If you want 1E to manage legacy OS that Microsoft no longer supports, there may be issues with encrypted certificates described in Common client requirements.
Client Certificates
If you have configured 1E Server to require client certificates (Client certificates) then each device requires a certificate with the following properties, so the 1E platform client can be authenticated by the 1E Switch.
Note
The 1E Client requires that the client certificate it presents to the platform has both the Signature and Encryption request handling options. These options are the defaults if provisioning using a Computer Certificate template from a Microsoft Windows Certificate Authority. If you are using a custom template, or an alternative certificate authority, you should confirm that both these options are enabled.
Issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA):
The certificate for the Root CA in the Certification Path must exist in the Trusted Root CA store of the client.
If the issuing CA is not the Root CA then the certificate for the issuing CA and any intermediate CA in the Certification Path must exist in the Intermediate CA store of the client.
If either of these CA certificates is different from those used by the 1E Web Server, they will need to be exported and imported on the 1E Web Server.
Most organizations have automated distribution of these CA certificates to clients and servers, using Group Policy for example.
Has at least the following Enhanced Key Usage:
Client Authentication.
Has at least the following Key Usage:
Digital Signature.
Key encipherment.
Has a private key:
For workgroup and non-Windows devices, the private key must be exportable
Revocation information is included:
References at least one CRL Distribution point that uses HTTP.
Has a Subject Name of type Common Name (CN=<computername>) or Subject Alternative Name (DNS Name=<computername>) where <computername> depends on the type of device:
On domain-joined Windows PCs this must be the computername FQDN of the computer, for example W701.ACME.LOCAL.
On workgroup Windows PCs and non-Windows devices, this must be the computername of the computer - as returned by the hostname command, for example on Windows PC this could be W701, and on a Mac this could be MAC01.local.
Note
1E clients and Switches use OpenSSL and its validation process to verify certificates.
The client device's certificate is stored differently depending on the type of OS:
For Windows devices, the certificate is stored in the Windows Local Computer personal certificates store.
For non-Windows devices, except for the Mac, the client does not use proprietary certificate stores. Instead, the client requires the certificate to exist as a .pfx file in the client installation folder structure, refer to Client certificates.
For macOS, you have a choice of storing the client certificate in the macOS Key Store or using the .pfx file approach required by other non-Windows devices, refer to Client certificates.
The following need to be considered when requesting this type of certificate:
The certificate can be used only on the server it was intended, that has the correct computername FQDN and DNS Alias FQDN.
It is not possible to use the Create Certificate Request method in IIS Manager Server Certificates, because it does not support all the above requirements.
If you have a Microsoft CA, and a suitable Web Server template has been issued and enabled in the Directory Enrollment Policy, then it is possible to Request New Certificate in the Certificates (Local Computer) mmc snap-in and use the Certificate Enrollment wizard.
Many organizations have their own process for submitting a Certificate Signing Request (CSR). Please ensure all the above requirements are specified. Security administrators sometimes have difficulty providing a certificate with one or more Subject Alternative Names (SAN), and it helps to explain these are type DNS.
1E platform client integration with Content Distribution
1E platform client integration with Content Distribution allows clients to make use of Content Distribution features for more efficient downloading of content from different HTTP sources, including the 1E Background Channel. Using this feature needs the following settings enabled, you can do this during the 1E Client installation:
Content Distribution client module - enabled (off by default)
1E integration with Content Distribution - enabled (on by default).
With the 1E integration setting enabled, the client will automatically detect if the Content Distribution client module is enabled and use it to download content from HTTP sources when requested.
1E use of Content Distribution works irrespective of whether Content Distribution is integrated with Microsoft Configuration Manager, or using 1E ActiveEfficiency or Content Distribution features.
The Content Distribution client is included in 1E Client 23.11 and later requires 1E platform with Content Distribution features enabled. Content Distribution is the replacement for ActiveEfficiency.
Configuration Manager is not a prerequisite for 1E integration with Nomad, but you will need to consider the following:
Configuration Manager client present | You do not need to make any configuration changes to Content Distribution for it to integrate with 1E, other than enable the Content Distribution client module in the 1E Client, or have a legacy version of the Content Distribution client installed. Please refer to Introducing Content Distribution documentation for guidance on designing and deploying Content Distribution. |
Configuration Manager client not present | You must ensure the following bits are enabled in the relevant Content Distribution installer properties and their corresponding registry values. These are enabled by default in the Content Distribution client module of the 1E Client, but if you modify the following properties for any other purposes, then you must ensure these bits are set:
|
Note
If you have any configuration baselines or other policies that control Content Distribution settings, then these will need to be reviewed. Review is especially important if you have upgraded from legacy Content Distribution Branch 6.x where these bits were disabled by default.
1E scripting requirements
1E real-time instructions are written in the 1E native language DEXCode, which is very like SQL but with additional logic, functions, and methods. Scripts can be downloaded when an instruction runs or actual command text is embedded in the instruction. You will very probably want to use scripts in the instructions you download from 1E or instructions you write yourself. Therefore, you must ensure the appropriate scripting environment is present on Agent devices.
Windows 1E clients can use PowerShell scripts. Ensure your client devices have an appropriate version of PowerShell installed to support any custom scripts you may develop. See PowerShell on Windows OS.
Non-Windows clients can use bash as their scripting medium. This should be present on all non-Windows client devices.
For more information about SCALE and writing your own instructions, please refer to:
PowerShell
PowerShell is used by some instructions (that have PowerShell commands embedded or scripts that are downloaded) and some of these require PowerShell 3.0 or later, although some scripts will support PowerShell 2.0. PowerShell scripts are supported only on Windows OS.
If installing or upgrading PowerShell, it is best to install the latest version available. However, do not expect full forward or backward compatibility between PowerShell versions.
Tip
To determine the version of PowerShell on a computer, start PowerShell (command prompt or ISE) and enter one of the following commands: $PSVersionTable.PSVersion or $PSVersionTable for more detail.
The table below shows which versions of PowerShell are supported on each OS version and Service Pack, and if it is built-in or needs to be installed.
OS Version | PowerShell Version | Notes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.0 | 2.0 (Note 3) | 3.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | ||
Windows Server 2022 | RTM (Notes 12, 13) | Note 4 | |||||
Windows 11 | RTM (built-in) | ||||||
Windows Server 2016, 2019, 2022 | RTM (Note 9) | RTM (Notes 12, 13) | Note 4 | ||||
Windows 10 | RTM (built-in) | Anniversary Update (built-in) | |||||
Windows Server 2012 R2 * | RTM (built-in) | RTM (Note 9) | RTM (Note 12) | Note 4 | |||
Windows 8.1 * | RTM (built-in) | RTM (Note 9) | RTM (Note 12) | ||||
Windows Server 2012 * | RTM (built-in) | RTM (Note 7) | RTM (Note 9) | RTM (Note 12) | Note 4 | ||
Windows 8 * | RTM (built-in) | ||||||
Windows Server 2008 R2 * | RTM (built-in) | SP1 (Note 6) | SP1 (Note 7) | SP1 (Note 8) | SP1 (Note 10) | Note 4 | |
Windows 7 | RTM (built-in) | SP1 (Note 6) | SP1 (Note 7) | SP1 (Note 8) | SP1 (Note 10) | ||
Windows Server 2008 * | RTM (built-in) | SP1 & SP2 (Note 2) | |||||
Windows Server 2003 * | RTM & SP1 | R2 & SP2 | Notes 1, 2 | ||||
Windows Vista * | RTM | SP1 & SP2 | Notes 1, 2 | ||||
Windows XP * | RTM, SP1 & SP2 | SP3 | Notes 1, 2 | ||||
* These OS are regarded as legacy OS:
PowerShell is not built-in for these OS. These OS do not support 3.0 or later. See Constraints of Legacy OS
If PowerShell 1.0 is installed it must be removed in order to install a later version.
Support for PowerShell 2.0 is included in PowerShell 3.0 and later.
PowerShell is not installed by default on these OS but is an optional feature that should be enabled using Server Manager.
PowerShell 2.0 is part of WMF Core package (KB968930) with prerequisite of .NET Framework 3.51 (which includes .NET 2.0 SP1).
PowerShell 3.0 is part of WMF 3.0 with prerequisite of .NET Framework 4.0 or later. Refer https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=34595
PowerShell 4.0 is part of WMF 4.0 with prerequisite of .NET Framework 4.5 or later. Refer https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40855
PowerShell 5.0 is part of WMF 5.0 with prerequisites of .NET Framework 4.5 or later and WMF 4.0. Refer https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=50395
PowerShell 5.0 is part of WMF 5.0 without any other prerequisites. Refer https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=50395
PowerShell 5.1 is part of WMF 5.1 with prerequisites of .NET Framework 4.6 or later, WMF 4.0 and SHA-2 Code Signing. Refer https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/wmf/5.1/install-configure
PowerShell 5.1 is part of WMF 5.1 with prerequisites of .NET Framework 4.6 or later and WMF 4.0. Refer https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/wmf/5.1/install-configure
PowerShell 5.1 is part of WMF 5.1 with prerequisite of .NET Framework 4.6 or later. Refer https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/wmf/5.1/install-configure
In these Server OS, PowerShell 5.1 is referred to as the Desktop Experience. You can use the PowerShell Core version if you prefer.
Please refer tohttps://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/help/17455/lifecycle-faq-net-framework for details of Microsoft support for .NET Framework.
Support for 4, 4.5, and 4.5.1 ended on January 12, 2016
Support for 4.5.2, 4.6 and 4.6.1 ended on April 26, 2022
Bash and Perl
Bash and Perl are required for the installation of all non-Windows 1E Client.
1E instructions support the use of Bash scripts on all supported non-Windows OS.
To see if an Instruction requires a Bash script, look in its Instruction Definition XML file for the Scripting. Run method. Bash is the preferred choice when developing custom Instructions for non-Windows OS.
There are slight differences between OS implementations of Bash, particularly on the Mac. Therefore, 1E recommends testing custom Bash scripts on each supported OS.
Requirements for verifying the 1E installation
The Verifying page provides detailed steps for verifying a new or upgraded infrastructure, including the first steps for uploading and running instructions. Below is a list of requirements to perform verification testing.
1E Server installed.
Remote workstation with a Supported Platforms.
The name and password for the server installation account.
The AD account must be enabled.
The account may already be assigned to other 1E roles either directly or via membership of an AD group role.
Two AD User accounts, Test User 1 and 2.
Must not be existing 1E users because they will be assigned specific roles for the purpose of these tests.
Must have email addresses and be able to read emails.
The 1E Tachyon Platform instruction set with two Verification instructions.
The verification steps describe how to create this instruction set by uploading the 1E Platform Product Pack.
You may have already uploaded this Product Pack using the 1E product pack deployment tool, either during Setup or after.
The 1E Platform Product Pack is included in the 1E platform file that you can download from the 1E Exchange.
At least one test device on which the 1E Client will be installed.
1E Client installation source files and configuration details required by your 1E implementation.
Firewall Ports
In addition to but not included are various ports used to communicate with Microsoft services, including Certificate Services and Identity Provider (IdP).
If Content Distribution module is being used by 1E Client on Windows computers, it has additional port requirements of its own.
Additional outgoing ports may need to be opened on clients if instructions need to connect to non-platform content sources.